Compare Resilience Ambiguity Tolerance among Individual and Group Athlete Subjects Sport
Subject Areas :Khadijeh Salmani 1 , Jamal Fazzel Kalkhoran 2 , Hojatollah Amini 3 , Alireza Kakavand 4
1 - Islamic Azad University, Karaj, I.R.Iran
2 - University of Tehran
3 - University of Tehran
4 - Qazvin University of Medical Sciences
Keywords: : resilience, ambiguity tolerance, individual and group athletes,
Abstract :
The Present study aimed at comparing resilience and ambiguity tolerance in individual and group athletes. The participants consisted of 200 male and female athletes of soccer, volleyball, taekwondo and swimming who were selected by multistage random sampling method. Subjects responded to Resilience Questionnaire of Connor Davidson (2003) and Ambiguity Tolerance Questionnaire of McDonald (1975). To analyze data, Multivariate Analysis of Variance test was used. The results showed a significant difference in resilience and ambiguity tolerance between individual and group athletes (p˂0.05). Also, there was a significant difference in resilience and ambiguity tolerance between these two groups with regard to gender (p˂0.05). According to the results of this study, resilience and ambiguity tolerance influenced success of individual and group athletes; therefore, it seems necessary to find ways to reduce and control ambiguity in sport performance of athletes.