Dimensions and Components of Blockchain in Education
Subject Areas :azam abdolmaleki 1 , Mojgan Abdollahi 2 , Parisa Irannejad 3
1 - Department of Educational Sciences, Ka.C., Islamic Azad University, Karaj, Iran.
2 - Department of Educational Sciences, Ka.C., Islamic Azad University, Karaj, Iran.
3 - Department of Educational Sciences, Ka.C., Islamic Azad University, Karaj, Iran.
Keywords: blockchain, blockchain technology in education, blockchain-based education.,
Abstract :
The presented study aims to identify key dimensions and components of blockchain technology in education and to present a comprehensive framework for capacities that this technology could contribute to educational systems. This study is considered applied-developmental in terms of purpose and is qualitative with a meta- synthesis orientation. To this aim, articles on blockchain technology in education published between 2020 and 2025 were collected from major scientific databases, including Google Scholar, Elsevier, Web of Science, Emerald, and ATripleA. After conducting a systematic screening process based on inclusion and exclusion criteria, 98 studies were selected for the purpose of analysis. Next, documentary analysis was done using a three-stage coding procedure—open, axial, and selective coding—with the aid of MAXQDA software. The data analysis process revealed three principal dimensions of blockchain technology in education. The educational dimension highlights the management of teaching and learning processes, personalized learning, assessment, credential verification, and educational accessibility. The managerial dimension involves governance, organizational and financial management, and the facilitation of institutional collaboration and stakeholder interaction. The security dimension encompasses data security, privacy protection, traceability, monitoring, and the immutability of educational records. The results indicate that blockchain technology, beyond its role as a technical tool, offers the potential to transform educational, management, and accreditation processes as a transparent, secure, and decentralized infrastructure. The establishment of educational systems on the basis of blockchain can develop a platform for quality, inclusive, and sustainable education. In addition, it could create a ground for reducing counterfeiting, strengthening privacy, and facilitating interaction educational stakeholders.
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