A review of rectovaginal injuries repair in mares
Subject Areas : علوم جراحی دامپزشکی شامل جراحی های بافت های سخت و نرمAlireza Shaikhzadeh 1 , Helia Azadi 2 , Shiva Amanollahi 3
1 - Shiraz university
2 - Department of Clinical Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran
3 -
Keywords: Horse, Laceration, Fistula, Rectum, Vestibule, Vagina,
Abstract :
Background: A short review of mare genital injuries
Aims: repair of rectovaginal lacerations and fistulas
Methods: A review using various sources regarding the types and treatment of rectovaginal lacerations and fistulas
Results: The perineal body is the space between the anus and the vulva, which is made up of the external anal sphincter and the vulva constrictor muscles. The mare's reproductive system structures are susceptible to various injuries during mating and parturition. These injuries include perineal/rectovaginal lacerations and rectovaginal fistulas. Perineal lacerations occur during parturition when the annular fold of the hymen at the junction of the vestibule and vagina obstructs the passage of the foal's foot or nose. In third-degree lacerations, there is a tear in the rectovaginal septum, vaginal muscles, rectum, perineal body, and anal sphincter. Fistulas occur primarily secondary to dystocia in primiparous mares. The injury is caused by the foal's nose or motor organ becoming trapped in the vaginal roof or vestibule. Various surgical techniques have been described for treating third-degree tears, including one- or two-stage repair. The modified Goetz surgical technique is the most common single-stage surgical technique. The horizontal and transrectal approaches are among the surgical techniques for rectovaginal fistula repair. Regardless of the surgical technique, the main postoperative complications include suture dehiscence.
Conclusion: The success rate of all surgical procedures is remarkably high, but given the importance of the economic issue in the equine industry, single-stage surgical procedures are the preferred methods because they have a very short hospitalization period and do not interfere with the mare's reproduction.