کنترل آلودگی خودرو با استفاده از کاتالیزور
الموضوعات : علوم زیست محیطی
1 - موسسه آموزش عالی غیر انتفاعی پویا
الکلمات المفتاحية: آلایندگی خودرو, مبدل کاتالیزوری, نسبت هوا به سوخت, اصلاح موتور و سوخت.,
ملخص المقالة :
انتشار آلاینده ها از وسایل نقلیه به طور کلی کم است اما تعداد وسایل نقلیه در جاده ها افزایش می یابد بنابراین آلودگی های زیست محیطی نیز افزایش می یابد. حدود 35 درصد از CO، 30 درصد HC و 25 درصد از NOx تولید شده در جو از بخش حمل و نقل است. این آلاینده ها اثرات نامطلوبی بر محیط زیست و سلامت انسان دارند. انتشار گازهای گلخانه ای از وسایل نقلیه به طور کلی به نسبت هوا به سوخت بستگی دارد. تکنیک های کنترل برای انتشار گازهای خروجی عبارتند از: اصلاح موتور، پیش تصفیه سوخت، افزودنی های سوخت، گردش مجدد گازهای خروجی (EGR)، تهویه مثبت میل لنگ (PCV) و استفاده از مبدل های کاتالیزوری. مبدل کاتالیزوری وسیله ای است که آلاینده های سمی تر گازهای خروجی را به آلاینده های سمی کمتر تبدیل می کند. انواع مختلفی از کاتالیزورهای مورد استفاده در تصفیه گازهای خروجی خودرو مانند کاتالیزورهای فلزات نجیب و فلزات اساسی و غیره وجود دارد. مبدل کاتالیزوری برای کاهش انتشار گازهای گلخانه ای مضر اگزوز موثر و سازگار بود به طوری که برای استفاده در کامیون ها، اتوبوس ها، اتومبیل ها، موتور سیکلت و سایر ساخت و سازهای مجهز. این مقاله در مورد انواع مختلف پیشرفتهای اخیر در کاتالیزور برای کنترل آلودگی اگزوز خودرو بحث خواهد کرد.
المصادر:
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Automobile pollution control using catalysis
Abstract
The emissions of pollutants from vehicles are generally low but the numbers of vehicles increasing on the road therefore the environmental pollutions are also increases. About 35% of CO, 30% of HC and 25% percent of NOx produced into the atmosphere is from the transportation sector. These pollutants have adverse effects on the environment and human health. The emissions from vehicles are generally depends upon the air–fuel ratio. The control techniques for exhaust gas emissions are engine modifications, fuel pretreatment, fuel additives, exhaust gas recirculation (EGR), positive crankcase ventilation (PCV) and an application of catalytic converters. A catalytic converter is a device that converts more toxic exhaust gas pollutants into less toxic pollutants. There are different types of catalysts used in the automobile exhaust gas treatment like noble metal and base metals catalysts etc. The catalytic converter was effective and consistent for reducing the noxious tailpipe emissions so that it was developed for use in the trucks, buses, cars, motorcycles and other construction equipped. This paper will discuss about the different types of recent developments in catalysis for automobile exhaust pollution control.
Keywords
Automotive emissions
Catalytic converter
air–fuel ratio
Engine and fuel modification
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Automobile pollution control using catalysis
Abstract
The emissions of pollutants from vehicles are generally low but the numbers of vehicles increasing on the road therefore the environmental pollutions are also increases. About 35% of CO, 30% of HC and 25% percent of NOx produced into the atmosphere is from the transportation sector. These pollutants have adverse effects on the environment and human health. The emissions from vehicles are generally depends upon the air–fuel ratio. The control techniques for exhaust gas emissions are engine modifications, fuel pretreatment, fuel additives, exhaust gas recirculation (EGR), positive crankcase ventilation (PCV) and an application of catalytic converters. A catalytic converter is a device that converts more toxic exhaust gas pollutants into less toxic pollutants. There are different types of catalysts used in the automobile exhaust gas treatment like noble metal and base metals catalysts etc. The catalytic converter was effective and consistent for reducing the noxious tailpipe emissions so that it was developed for use in the trucks, buses, cars, motorcycles and other construction equipped. This paper will discuss about the different types of recent developments in catalysis for automobile exhaust pollution control.
Keywords
Automotive emissions
Catalytic converter
air–fuel ratio
Engine and fuel modification